Exploring the Surge in Brain Tumour Incidences

Over the past few years, brain tumors have emerged as a significant health concern for the Indian populace, ranking among the top 10 tumors, as reported by the National Library of Science. The statistics indicate that approximately 10 out of every 100,000 individuals in India receive diagnoses related to central nervous system tumors, with roughly 2% of these cases categorized as malignant.

Insights from the Expert

Dr. Nishant Shanker Yagnick, a Senior Consultant Neurosurgeon at Manipal Hospitals in Gurugram, elucidates, “Brain tumors manifest as abnormal, progressive cell growths within the brain, presenting as either malignant (cancerous) or benign (non-cancerous). These tumors significantly impact individuals’ lives, often leading to neurological disturbances such as headaches, seizures, and cognitive impairments, alongside emotional stressors like anxiety, depression, and fear.”

Unraveling the Causes

Several factors contribute to the development of brain tumors:

1. Environmental Exposures: Prolonged exposure to chemicals and pesticides is linked to tumor development.
2. Genetic Predisposition: A family history of cancer increases the likelihood of tumor occurrence.
3. Smoking Habits: Dr. Yagnick underscores the correlation between tobacco use and heightened risks of meningiomas and other tumor types.
4. Age Factor: While brain tumors can manifest at any age, older individuals face elevated susceptibility.
5. Radiation Exposure: Occupational or medical radiation exposure poses a risk factor for brain tumor development.

Recognizing Symptoms

Signs and symptoms associated with brain tumors include:

• Aggravated headaches or pressure in the mornings.
• Frequent and intensified headaches.
• Occasional tension headaches or migraines.
• Nausea and vomiting episodes.
• Visual disturbances like double vision or peripheral vision loss.

Available Treatment Modalities

Treatment options encompass:

• Surgical Intervention: Initial management may involve observation; however, surgical excision becomes necessary if tumor progression occurs.
• Radiosurgery: Stereotactic radiosurgery offers targeted radiation therapy for inaccessible benign brain tumors.
• Pharmacological and Supportive Measures: Symptomatic relief is provided through medication, coupled with post-operative supportive care.

Key Takeaways

Dr. Yagnick emphasizes the importance of early intervention and diagnosis:

“Timely consultation and diagnostic assessments utilizing neurological evaluations, CT scans, and MRIs are crucial for individuals displaying potential symptoms of brain tumors. Although confronting a brain tumor diagnosis can be daunting, with proactive medical intervention and a supportive healthcare team, effective management and treatment are achievable.”